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We headed straight to Merriam-Webster Online, a dictionary and all-purpose English language resource, where we learned that "ibid" is short for ibidem, Latin for "in the same place." It's an expression used in bibliographies when authors repeatedly cite the same source. So instead of typing out Sharks: Mighty Finned Killers of the Deep every time you refer to the book you used in your science project, you simply type "Ibid" for each reference after the first one, then cite the page number to which you're referring. Feel free to examine this lengthy bibliography for examples of "ibid" in action. Notice that you can only use "ibid" directly after the primary source
has been clearly identified. You're quite free to pile up the "ibids" consecutively, but once you cite a new source, all "ibids" are off. The Bibliography Styles Handbook at the Writers' Workshop, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign summarizes and illustrates the bibliographical formatting rules for three different citation styles: the American Psychological Association (APA) style, the new Modern Languages Association (MLA) style, and the old MLA style. We suggest you go with the new MLA. If you need information on web sites mentioned in a term paper or research project, visit Yahoo!'s category for Internet
Citation, for online style guidance. Good luck!
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